| Date |
Event |
Reference |
| 1942 |
Peak of the totoaba fishery
(2,261 ton), in which Vaquita are captured incidentally |
Flanagan and
Hendrickson, 1976 |
| 1955 |
The upper Gulf is protected
as a "Refuge Zone" |
INE, 1995 |
| 1961 |
The area of the upper
Gulf is established as "Reserve Zone" |
Norris y Prescott,
1961 |
| 1974 |
The area of the upper
Gulf is established as "Reserve Zone" |
Diario Oficial,
1974. |
| 1975 |
Fishing totoaba is prohibited
due to a drastic decline in the population. Other fisheries
continue which are harmful to the Vaquita |
Diario Oficial,
1975. |
| 1976 |
Concern for the size and
status of the population |
Villa, 1976;
Brownell, 1982. |
| 1978 |
Vaquita is listed as "in
danger of extinction" in the list of the Especies Mexicanas
de Vertebrados Silvestres raras o en peligro de extinción. |
Villa, 1978. |
| 1978 |
Se lista en el libro rojo
de la Comisión Internacional para la Conservación
de la Naturaleza (IUCN) como "Vulnerable" |
Goodwin y
Holloway, 1978 |
| 1979 |
Listed as "Vulnerable"
in the red book of the International Union for the Conservation
of Nature (IUCN) |
Anonymous,
1979 |
| 1979 |
Listed in Appendix I of
the International Convention in the Trafficking of Species
in Danger of Extinction (CITES) as a "Species Totally Protected" |
Twiss y Reeves,
1999 |
| 1983 |
Beginning of the experimental
taking of totoaba with gillnets to estimate the population,
during which Vaquita are captured incidentally |
Vidal, 1995 |
| 1985 |
Vaquita is listed as a
species "in danger of extinction" in the Endangered Species
Act of the US, with a mandate for cooperative work between
the US and Mexico to help its recovery |
USFWS, 1985 |
| 1990 |
The IUCN changes the status
of the Vaquita from "Vulnerable" to " In Danger of Extinction" |
IUCN, 1990 |
| 1992 |
Mexico establishes the
Comité Técnico para la Preservación de la Totoaba y la Vaquita,
with international consultants |
Villa, 1993 |
|
1992 |
An Agreement
of Collaboration is established for the "Program for Protection
and Recovery of the Mexican Porpoise called Vaquita and the
fish Totoaba", by the Mexican Government and international
civic organizations
|
Villa, 1993 |
| 1993 |
Mexico creates the Upper
Gulf of California and Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve.
It does not include the complete range of distribution of
the Vaquita in the nuclear zone.
|
Diario Oficial,
1993. |
| 1993 |
Mexico develops the Plan
for the Recovery of the Vaquita with help from the Marine
Mammal Commission of the U.S. |
Marine Mammal
Commission, 1994 |
| 1994 |
NOM-059-ECOL y NOM-012-PESC.
|
Diario Oficial,
1994. |
| 1995 |
The Mexican Government
publishes the management plan for the Upper Gulf of California
and Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve and submits it
to the International Whaling Commission (IWC). The plan includes
the prohibition of fishing in the Colorado River Delta and
all of the Reserve's nuclear zone
|
INE, 1995. |
| 1996 |
The IUCN lists the Vaquita
as "in critical danger of extinction" |
IUCN, 1996 |
| 1997 |
International census with
line transects designed specifically to estimate the abundance
of Vaquita in all its range of distribution, results in an
estimate of 567 animals. |
D'Agrosa et
al.,2000 |
| 1997 |
Formation of the Comite
Internacional para la Recuperacion de la Vaquita (CIRVA) and
the first meeting concludes that the major risk factor is
mortality in gillnets and recommends taking immediate action
to reduce this risk |
Jaramillo et
al., 199 |
| 1998 |
First extensive study of
small-scale fisheries in the upper Gulf and fishermen's proposals
for management |
Cudney-Bueno
y Turk-Boyer, 1998 |
| 1999 |
Second meeting of CIRVA
recommends a series of steps in phases to protect the Vaquita
|
D'Agrosa et
al.., 2000 |
| 2000 |
Joint Action Plan for the
Recovery of Vaquita by the Joint Initiative for the Gulf of
California and CIRVA |
WWF, 2000 |
| 2001 |
Beginning to involve coastal
fishermen in the search for solutions for the recovery of
the Vaquita as a project of Centro Intercultural de Estudios
de Desiertos y Océanos (CEDO)), with support from the Fondo
Mundial para la Conservación de la Naturaleza de México, Región
Golfo de California (WWF) and the Upper Gulf Reserve administration. |
Turk-Boyer
y Flores-Skydancer, 2001 |
